Five pages on the make-a-ten strategy, the one 1st graders lean on most for facts within 20. Page 1 shows a number in a ten frame and some more dots: students draw the dots to fill the ten first, then the rest in the second frame, and write the fact as 10 plus the leftover (8 + 5 = 10 + 3). Page 2 breaks apart the smaller number with a number bond to make a ten, even when the smaller number comes first. Page 3 turns it around for subtracting: cross out the dots in the second frame to get to 10, then cross out the rest from the full ten (13 − 5: 13 − 3 = 10, 10 − 2 = 8). Page 4 hops back to 10 on a number line, then hops back the rest. Page 5 mixes adding and subtracting with number bonds. Each page starts with a worked example.
Use two ten frames and counters before page 1: build 8 and 5, then slide counters from the 5 to fill the first frame. Ask "How many did you move? How many are left?" For subtracting, build 13 and ask how many to take away to get to exactly 10. Partners can check each other by telling the two steps out loud.
Practice the pairs that make 10 (1 and 9, 2 and 8, 3 and 7, 4 and 6, 5 and 5) until they are quick: everything in this pack rests on them. Then ask questions like "9 + 4: how many does 9 need to make 10? How many are left?"
This pack supports the following Common Core State Standards for Mathematics:
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A 5-page 1st grade pack for adding and subtracting within 20 through ten. Draw dots to fill a ten frame first, then write 8 + 5 as 10 + 3. Break apart the smaller number with a number bond to make a ten (9 + 6: 9 + 1 = 10, 10 + 5 = 15). To subtract, cross out dots to get to 10 first, then the rest (13 − 5: 13 − 3 = 10, 10 − 2 = 8), and hop back to 10 on a number line. The last page mixes adding and subtracting with number bonds. Every page comes in color and in black and white. Answer keys included.
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